Endocrine System Multiple Choice Questions

Endocrine System Multiple Choice Questions Related

Review Endocrine System Multiple Choice Questions related questions and content

Aldosterone:

  • A. is a mineralocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex.
  • B. functions in the regulation of blood glucose levels.
  • C. stimulates the kidney to excrete sodium and reabsorb potassium.
  • D. All is applicable.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice A is correct:
1. Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex.
2. It plays a key role in regulating electrolyte balance, specifically sodium and potassium levels.
3. Aldosterone acts on the kidneys to increase sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion.
4. This hormone helps to maintain blood pressure and fluid balance in the body.

Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
- Choice B (functions in the regulation of blood glucose levels): Aldosterone does not play a significant role in blood glucose regulation.
- Choice C (stimulates the kidney to excrete sodium and reabsorb potassium): This statement is partially true, but aldosterone actually stimulates sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion.
- Choice D (All is applicable): While aldosterone has various functions, not all statements apply to its actions.

You may also like to solve these questions

The nurse is assessing a client who exhibits spontaneous spasm of the fingers or toes, mouth twitching or jaw tightening when he taps the cheek anteriorly to the earlobe. What sign does the nurse identify to document in the chart that is consistent with tetany?

  • A. Lhermitte's sign
  • B. Trousseau's sign
  • C. Chvostek's sign
  • D. Bulge sign
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Chvostek's sign is a positive sign of tetany, where tapping the cheek causes twitching of the facial muscles, indicating low calcium levels.

To prevent hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia related to exercise, what should the nurse teach the patient using glucose-lowering agents about the best time for exercise?

  • A. Only after a 15-g carbohydrate snack is eaten
  • B. About 1 hour after eating when blood glucose levels are rising
  • C. When glucose monitoring reveals that the blood glucose is in the normal range
  • D. When blood glucose levels are high, because exercise always has a hypoglycemic effect
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Exercising about 1 hour after eating helps to ensure blood glucose is rising and reduces the risk of hypoglycemia.

Hyperglycemia, glucosuria, polyuria, and acidosis are:

  • A. most apt to be caused by a deficiency of insulin.
  • B. characteristic of diabetes insipidus.
  • C. the consequences of a hormone-secreting tumor of the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans.
  • D. indicative of a deficiency of ADH.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for choice A being correct:
1. Hyperglycemia is high blood sugar due to insufficient insulin to regulate glucose levels.
2. Glucosuria is the presence of glucose in urine, indicating excess blood sugar not being reabsorbed.
3. Polyuria is increased urine production due to osmotic diuresis from excess glucose in the urine.
4. Acidosis results from the breakdown of fats in the absence of sufficient glucose utilization.
5. All these symptoms align with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, where insulin deficiency leads to these metabolic disturbances.

Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
B: Diabetes insipidus is characterized by excessive thirst and urination due to inadequate ADH, not hyperglycemia.
C: Hormone-secreting tumor of beta cells would lead to hyperinsulinemia and hypoglycemia, not hyperglycemia.
D: ADH deficiency would result in dilute urine and electrolyte imbalances

What manifestations of endocrine problems in the older adult are commonly attributed to the aging process?

  • A. Tremors and paresthesias
  • B. Fatigue and mental impairment
  • C. Hyperpigmentation and oily skin
  • D. Fluid retention and hypertension
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Fatigue and mental impairment are often attributed to normal aging but may indicate an underlying endocrine disorder such as hypothyroidism or adrenal insufficiency.

Nervousness, increased body temperature, and increased blood-pressure are indications of _______.

  • A. diabetes mellitus
  • B. hypoglycemia
  • C. hypothyroidism
  • D. hyperthyroidism
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: hyperthyroidism. Nervousness, increased body temperature, and increased blood pressure are classic symptoms of hyperthyroidism. This condition is characterized by an overactive thyroid gland, leading to an excess production of thyroid hormones. These hormones can cause an increase in metabolism, leading to symptoms such as nervousness, heat intolerance, and elevated heart rate. Diabetes mellitus (A) is not associated with increased body temperature or blood pressure. Hypoglycemia (B) is characterized by low blood sugar levels, leading to symptoms such as dizziness and confusion, not increased body temperature. Hypothyroidism (C) is characterized by an underactive thyroid gland, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance, not increased body temperature or blood pressure.

Copyright © 2025 Nokea. All rights reserved.