Nokea
Alexa, a 32-year-old woman, has been diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. Nursing interventions would include teaching her about the typical accompanying signs and symptoms, such as:
- A. Weight loss, malar rash, and pharyngitis.
- B. Hypothyroidism, podagra, and elevated fasting glucose.
- C. Violaceous rash, pitting peripheral edema, and palpitation.
- D. Hypertension, low HDL, and elevated triglycerides.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Metabolic syndrome is characterized by a combination of hypertension, low HDL cholesterol, elevated triglycerides, abdominal obesity, and elevated fasting glucose.
You may also like to solve these questions
Atropine is used clinically in all of the following conditions EXCEPT:
- A. Pre-anesthetic medication
- B. Organic phosphate poisoning
- C. Intestinal colic
- D. Xerostomia (Dry mouth)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Certainly! Atropine is an anticholinergic drug that works by blocking the action of acetylcholine. Xerostomia (dry mouth) is a symptom caused by decreased salivary gland activity, so using atropine would exacerbate this condition. In contrast, atropine is used in pre-anesthetic medication to reduce secretions, in organic phosphate poisoning to counteract the cholinergic effects, and in intestinal colic to relax smooth muscles. Therefore, the correct answer is D because atropine would worsen dry mouth.
Which hormone is responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics?
- A. Androgens
- B. Follicle-stimulating hormone
- C. Epinephrine
- D. Norepinephrine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Androgens. Androgens, such as testosterone, are responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics, such as facial hair, deep voice, and muscle growth. Follicle-stimulating hormone (B) is involved in sperm production, not male secondary sexual characteristics. Epinephrine (C) and norepinephrine (D) are stress hormones and not related to the development of male secondary sexual characteristics.
Which of the following post-operative nursing actions should the nurse perform when a client with acromegaly has nasal packing?
- A. Detect the signs of increased intracranial pressure and meningitis
- B. Detect the presence of cerebrospinal fluid
- C. Detect the signs of hypoglycemia
- D. Detect the presence of striae
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The presence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) should be detected after nasal packing, as leakage of CSF may indicate a cerebrospinal fluid leak, which can occur after pituitary surgery.
Melatonin from the pineal gland regulates ____.
- A. sleep-wake cycles.
- B. water balance.
- C. sexual development.
- D. Both A and C
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Both A and C. Melatonin from the pineal gland regulates sleep-wake cycles (A) by influencing the body's internal clock. It also plays a role in sexual development (C) by influencing the release of reproductive hormones. Other choices, B (water balance), are regulated by hormones like ADH and aldosterone, not melatonin. The correct answer encompasses the functions of melatonin in both sleep regulation and sexual development.
How do hormones from the thyroid and parathyroid regulate the calcium concentration of the blood?
- A. Calcitonin lowers blood calcium; parathyroid hormone raises blood calcium.
- B. Parathyroid hormone lowers blood calcium; calcitonin raises blood calcium.
- C. Thyroxine and triiodothyronine together regulate calcium levels, as needs dictate.
- D. Both parathroid hormone and the three thyroid hormones function to regulate blood calcium levels.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Calcitonin is secreted by the thyroid gland and lowers blood calcium levels by promoting calcium deposition in bones.
Step 2: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is secreted by the parathyroid gland and raises blood calcium levels by stimulating bone resorption and increasing calcium reabsorption in the kidneys.
Step 3: Since Calcitonin lowers blood calcium and PTH raises blood calcium, choice A is correct.
Summary: Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they provide inaccurate information about the roles of calcitonin, PTH, thyroxine, and triiodothyronine in regulating blood calcium levels.