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Physical effects of aging result, over time, in a decline in performance. Which of the following influence the physical effects of aging?
- A. Lifestyle
- B. Genetics
- C. Chronic diseases
- D. Surgeries
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Lifestyle, genetics, and chronic diseases significantly influence the physical effects of aging, impacting overall health and function.
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List three important measures to take while assisting a resident with bathing and hygiene in a shared bathroom at a long-term care facility. Provide a rationale for each intervention.
- A. Ensure privacy by closing curtains or doors; prevents embarrassment and maintains dignity.
- B. Check water temperature to avoid burns; older adults may have decreased sensation.
- C. Use non-slip mats to prevent falls; shared bathrooms can be slippery and hazardous.
- D. Provide a call bell for assistance; ensures safety if the resident needs help.
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: These measures address privacy, safety, and accessibility, critical for resident comfort and well-being during bathing.
The occurrence of cerebrovascular accidents (stroke) increase with age. What is one of the risk factors that a person can change on their own to decrease the risk for stroke?
- A. Irregular heart beat
- B. Hypertension
- C. Diet high in saturated fats
- D. Diabetes
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Hypertension and a diet high in saturated fats are modifiable risk factors that individuals can address to reduce stroke risk.
Older adults may have decreased sensation. Which of the following is an important intervention aimed at preventing complications from this physiological change?
- A. Check the bath water to make sure it is hot enough.
- B. Check the bath water to make sure it is not too hot.
- C. Make sure the patient wears at least socks when ambulating.
- D. Tell the patient to clip toenails regularly.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Checking bath water temperature prevents burns, as decreased sensation increases the risk of injury from hot water.
Which of the following interventions will help prevent pressure sores for the patient with impaired mobility?
- A. Provide skin care several times per day if the patient is on bedrest.
- B. Place pillows between knees and ankles when in side-lying positions.
- C. Assess pressure points for erythema at least every 4 hours, sometimes as often as every 2 hours.
- D. Encourage adequate fluids and nutrition and provide protein supplements if needed.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: All interventions promote skin integrity, reduce pressure, and support healing, preventing pressure sores in immobile patients.
You care for a resident in a long-term facility. She receives a phone call informing her that her older sister has died. Which of the following interventions will be most helpful for her at this time?
- A. Give her the number of a support group.
- B. Contact the facility's chaplain.
- C. Sit quietly with her.
- D. Tell her that grieving is a process with several stages.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sitting quietly provides immediate emotional support and presence, which is most helpful during acute grief.