Nokea
The emergency management of the patient with acute asthma does not include:
- A. Performing a rapid physical examination
- B. Performing spirometry or peak flow on arrival
- C. Giving oxygen and short acting bronchodilator
- D. Close monitoring to determine efficacy of treatment and improvement or deterioration
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acute asthma's rush exam, O2, bronchodilators, tight watch saves breath fast. Spirometry's a no too tough mid-wheeze, delays care. Nurses skip it, a chronic flare's urgent dodge.
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Which of the following basic principles do NOT belong to motivational interviewing?
- A. To confront irrationality
- B. To avoid discussion
- C. To help resolve ambivalence
- D. To be empathic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: MI skips confrontation empathy, ambivalence aid, no fights, discussion flows. Nurses dodge this, a chronic soft touch.
Which of the following options applies to the accumulation of macrophages in adipose tissue?
- A. This accumulation has been shown in mice but not in humans
- B. This accumulation is negatively correlated with the size of the adipose cells
- C. This accumulation cannot be influenced by weight reduction
- D. None of the options applies
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Macrophages swarm fat in humans big cells pull them, weight loss shrinks the crowd, not mouse-only or stuck. Nurses see this, a chronic inflammation truth.
A 60 year old lady presents with a skin tear to her left shin on her coffee table. She is unsure of her previous immunization status. How should this be managed?
- A. ADT only
- B. ADT plus immunoglobulin
- C. Immunoglobulin only
- D. Neither
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Skin tear, unknown shots ADT boosts, no Ig needed for clean cuts, antibiotics if dirty. Nurses jab this chronic tetanus shield solo.
The nurse is caring for a 6-year-old child with leukemia who is having an oncological emergency. Which of the following signs and symptoms would indicate hyperleukocytosis?
- A. Bradycardia and distinct S1 and S2 sounds
- B. Wheezing and diminished breath sounds
- C. Respiratory distress and poor tissue perfusion
- D. Intermittent fever and frequent vomiting
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hyperleukocytosis, a leukemia emergency with white blood cell counts over 100,000/mm³, causes blood hyperviscosity, leading to venous stasis and microvessel occlusion by blast cells. This results in respiratory distress (from lung infarction or hypoxemia) and poor tissue perfusion (from impaired circulation), critical signs requiring urgent intervention like leukapheresis or hydration. Bradycardia and clear heart sounds don't fit tachycardia might occur from hypoxia, not bradycardia. Wheezing and diminished breath sounds suggest asthma or infection, not hyperleukocytosis's systemic impact. Fever and vomiting are non-specific and less acute here. Nurses recognizing these symptoms prioritize airway and circulation support, aligning with oncology's focus on rapid response to life-threatening complications in pediatric leukemia care.
Which organism is most commonly responsible for travelers diarrhea?
- A. toxigenic strain of e coli
- B. clostridium difficile
- C. salmonella
- D. rotavirus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Travelers' trots E. coli's toxigenic strain leads, not C. diff, salmonella, rotavirus, or cholera's flood. Nurses peg this chronic globe-trotter.