Nokea
The patient has been newly diagnosed with Wilson's disease and D-penicillamine, a chelating agent, has been prescribe What assessment finding should the nurse expect?
- A. Pruritus
- B. Acute kidney injury
- C. Corneal Fleischer rings
- D. Elevated serum iron levels
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Corneal Fleischer rings are a characteristic finding in Wilson's disease, caused by copper deposits in the cornea.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which patient is most likely to be diagnosed with short bowel syndrome?
- A. History of ulcerative colitis
- B. Had extensive resection of the ileum
- C. Diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome
- D. Had colectomy performed for cancer of the bowel
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Short bowel syndrome occurs most commonly in patients who have had extensive resections of the ileum, as the ileum is responsible for nutrient absorption.
Which type of cells produce insulin in the pancreas?
- A. acinar cells
- B. duct cells
- C. alpha cells
- D. beta cells
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: beta cells. Beta cells are the specific type of cells in the pancreas responsible for producing insulin. They are located in the islets of Langerhans and play a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels. Acinar cells (A) are responsible for producing digestive enzymes, duct cells (B) are involved in transporting pancreatic enzymes, and alpha cells (C) produce glucagon, which has the opposite effect of insulin in regulating blood sugar. Therefore, the correct choice is beta cells as they are the primary insulin-producing cells in the pancreas.
A patient with ulcerative colitis undergoes the first phase of a total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch and anal anastomosis. On postoperative assessment of the patient, what should the nurse expect to find?
- A. A rectal tube set to low continuous suction
- B. A loop ileostomy with a plastic rod to hold it in place
- C. A colostomy stoma with an NG tube in place to provide pouch irrigations
- D. A permanent ileostomy stoma in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the first phase of a total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch and anal anastomosis, a loop ileostomy is created to divert stool while the pouch heals.
The cardiac or lower gastroesophageal sphincter is composed of ______ muscle and prevents chyme from moving into the
- A. smooth; esophagus
- B. skeletal; esophagus
- C. smooth; duodenum
- D. skeletal; duodenum
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: smooth; esophagus. The cardiac sphincter is made of smooth muscle because smooth muscles are involuntary and control the movement of food from the esophagus into the stomach. Skeletal muscles are under voluntary control and are not found in sphincters. Choices C and D are incorrect because the duodenum is part of the small intestine and not relevant to the cardiac sphincter's function.
What should the nurse emphasize when teaching patients at risk for upper GI bleeding to prevent bleeding episodes?
- A. All stools and vomitus must be tested for the presence of blood.
- B. The use of over-the-counter (OTC) medications of any kind should be avoided.
- C. Antacids should be taken with all prescribed medications to prevent gastric irritation.
- D. Misoprostol (Cytotec) should be used to protect the gastric mucosa in individuals with peptic ulcers.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Over-the-counter medications, especially NSAIDs, should be avoided as they can increase the risk of gastric irritation and bleeding.