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The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada (TRC) has called nurses to action and identified which of the following recommendations to be directly addressed by the nursing profession? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Promote health equity for Indigenous People
- B. CHOICE BLANK
- C. Lobby for an end colonialism
- D. Advocate for market-driven health care reform
- E. Develop services that foster respectful relationships
- F. Incorporate healing circles into practice
- G. Commemorate Indigenous Canadian heritage
Correct Answer: A,E,G
Rationale: Recommendations from the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada (TRC) include rights and equity for Indigenous People, programs and services to foster respectful relationships with Indigenous People, and commemoration of Canadian heritage.
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Carper's (1978) foundational work on patterns of knowing include empirical, ethical, aesthetic, and personal knowing. Tom is preparing an essay for his application to graduate studies in nursing and is interested in examining aesthetic ways of knowing in nursing. Which of the following comments would reflect a nurse's aesthetic knowledge?
- A. I understand this experience is different for everyone.
- B. I use nursing policy to guide my clinical practice.
- C. I use the patient's pain to provide comfort to someone.
- D. I always follow Best Practice Guidelines.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aesthetic knowing involves the creation of a singular, particular subjective expression of imagined possibilities or equivalent expression, not so easily put into language form. Empathy and compassion are modes in the aesthetic pattern of knowing.
The study of the nursing knowledge that is shared among nurses, including patterns of knowing and the knowledge that develops from knowing, is referred to as which of the following?
- A. Nursing epistemology
- B. Nursing deontology
- C. Nursing teleology
- D. Nursing ethnology
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nursing epistemology is the study of the knowledge that is shared among nurses, the patterns of knowing, and the knowledge that develops from those patterns. As a practice discipline, the study of nursing knowledge is achieved in multiple ways, including observation and practice experience.
In the ancient spiritual society of the Great Lakes nation of Midewiwin, healers and spiritual leaders are known as which of the following?
- A. Elders
- B. Ancients
- C. Shawman
- D. Mides
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The Midewiwin, also known as the Grand Medicine Society, is an ancient spiritual society, once widespread among the Ojibway or Anishinaabe people, and by many other Great Lakes nations. In this society, Mides are considered healers and spiritual leaders and the source of evidence is spiritual in nature.
Which of the following is a criticism of using grand theories to guide nursing?
- A. Constructs cannot be empirically measured
- B. It is not based on scholarly research
- C. Professional experience is not reflected
- D. It does not reflect the goals of the profession.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Grand theories are general concepts that pertain to the overall nature and goals of professional nursing, which are often abstract and do not necessarily lend themselves to empirical testing or problems in specific nurse settings.
Which of the following nurse theorists developed the mid-range theory of human becoming?
- A. Rosemarie Parse
- B. Dorothy Johnson
- C. Margaret Newman
- D. Sister Callista Roy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rosemarie Parse's theory of human becoming is a mid-range theory used to describe, explain, or predict phenomenon in nursing.