Nokea
What is the role of the large intestine?
- A. digestion of proteins
- B. absorption of nutrients
- C. absorption of water
- D. production of bile
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The large intestine's main role is to absorb water from the indigestible food residue, forming feces. This process helps maintain proper hydration levels in the body. It does not digest proteins (choice A) or absorb nutrients (choice B), as these processes primarily occur in the small intestine. The production of bile (choice D) is carried out by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, not by the large intestine. Thus, choice C is correct as it aligns with the primary function of the large intestine.
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Vomitting is not usually caused by:
- A. Irritation if the duodenal mucosa
- B. Diseases of the inner ear
- C. Microbial toxins in the blood
- D. Severe exercise
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Diseases of the inner ear. Vomiting is primarily controlled by the vomiting center in the brainstem, which responds to various stimuli such as irritation of the duodenal mucosa (Choice A), microbial toxins in the blood (Choice C), and severe exercise (Choice D). Diseases of the inner ear do not directly trigger the vomiting reflex, making Choice B the correct answer.
Priority Decision: Before selecting a weight reduction plan with an obese patient
- A. what is most important for the nurse to first assess?
- B. The patient's motivation to lose weight
- C. The length of time that the patient has been obese
- D. Whether financial considerations will affect the patient's choices
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Assessing anthropometric measures helps to understand the severity of obesity and provide baseline data for weight loss goals.
Which characterizes auscultation of the abdomen?
- A. The presence of borborygmi indicates hyperperistalsis.
- B. The bell of the stethoscope is used to auscultate high-pitched sounds.
- C. High-pitched
- D. rushing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Borborygmi is the sound of hyperperistalsis often heard when the stomach is actively moving food.
A patient with ulcerative colitis undergoes the first phase of a total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch and anal anastomosis. On postoperative assessment of the patient, what should the nurse expect to find?
- A. A rectal tube set to low continuous suction
- B. A loop ileostomy with a plastic rod to hold it in place
- C. A colostomy stoma with an NG tube in place to provide pouch irrigations
- D. A permanent ileostomy stoma in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the first phase of a total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch and anal anastomosis, a loop ileostomy is created to divert stool while the pouch heals.
The patient has been newly diagnosed with Wilson's disease and D-penicillamine, a chelating agent, has been prescribe What assessment finding should the nurse expect?
- A. Pruritus
- B. Acute kidney injury
- C. Corneal Fleischer rings
- D. Elevated serum iron levels
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Corneal Fleischer rings are a characteristic finding in Wilson's disease, caused by copper deposits in the cornea.