ATI the Immune System Test Quizlet

ATI the Immune System Test Quizlet Related

Review ATI the Immune System Test Quizlet related questions and content

What type of immunity is provided by T lymphocytes?

  • A. Humoral immunity
  • B. Cell-mediated immunity
  • C. Passive immunity
  • D. Innate immunity
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cell-mediated immunity. T lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell that plays a critical role in cell-mediated immunity by directly attacking infected cells and coordinating the immune response. This type of immunity is essential for fighting intracellular pathogens such as viruses and certain bacteria.

A: Humoral immunity is mediated by B cells and involves the production of antibodies to neutralize pathogens. T lymphocytes do not directly participate in humoral immunity.

C: Passive immunity is acquired through the transfer of antibodies from one individual to another, providing immediate protection. T lymphocytes are not involved in passive immunity.

D: Innate immunity is the body's first line of defense against pathogens and does not involve T lymphocytes, which are part of the adaptive immune response.

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Individuals unable to make the J protein found in certain immunoglobulins would be expected to have frequent infections of the

  • A. intestinal tract
  • B. blood.
  • C. liver.
  • D. pancreas.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: intestinal tract. The J protein is crucial for the proper functioning of immunoglobulins in the mucosal immune system, which plays a major role in defending against pathogens in the intestinal tract. Without the J protein, individuals would have impaired immune responses in the gut, leading to frequent infections in the intestinal tract. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the J protein deficiency specifically affects the mucosal immune system in the intestinal tract, not the blood, liver, or pancreas.

Lysozyme

  • A. Helps protecting the eye from pathogens
  • B. Is a cationic protein able to bind the negatively charged membrane of bacteria
  • C. Can digest the cell wall of bacteria
  • D. Is a MAMP
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Firstly, Lysozyme is a Microbe-Associated Molecular Pattern (MAMP), not a protein. MAMPs are molecules recognized by the innate immune system to trigger immune responses. Lysozyme is not specific to protecting the eye (A), binding membranes (B), or digesting cell walls (C). Therefore, the correct answer is D.

What are the essential nursing actions that should be taken for a client with an immune system disorder?

  • A. Monitor client for depression.
  • B. Monitor client for infusion reactions.
  • C. Review drug references.
  • D. Advise the client on modifying the home environment.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Monitoring for infusion reactions is critical as clients with immune disorders often receive biologic therapies that can cause severe allergic or infusion-related reactions.

What was Edward Jenner's major contribution to immunology?

  • A. Discovering antibodies
  • B. Proposing innate immunity theory
  • C. Developing the smallpox vaccine
  • D. Discovering the germ theory of disease
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Edward Jenner's major contribution to immunology was developing the smallpox vaccine. He introduced the concept of vaccination by using cowpox to protect against smallpox. This marked the beginning of modern immunization. Discovering antibodies (A) and proposing innate immunity theory (B) were not directly attributed to Jenner. Discovering the germ theory of disease (D) was later proposed by Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch, not Jenner. Overall, choice C is correct as it aligns with Jenner's groundbreaking work in immunization.

The membrane of gas vesicles is composed of:

  • A. triglycerides
  • B. phospholipids
  • C. proteins
  • D. lipopolysaccharide
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: proteins. Gas vesicles are gas-filled structures found in certain bacteria and archaea to provide buoyancy. The membrane of gas vesicles is predominantly composed of proteins that form a semi-permeable barrier to trap gas. Proteins are essential for the structure and function of gas vesicles. Triglycerides (A) are not typically found in membrane structures, phospholipids (B) are more common in cell membranes, and lipopolysaccharides (D) are typically found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, not in gas vesicle membranes.

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