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Which of the following is critical in terms of triggering a fever response?
- A. an infection
- B. a local widening of blood vessels
- C. activation of the complement system
- D. the resetting of the body's temperature set point in the hypothalamus
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the hypothalamus acts as the body's thermostat and controls temperature regulation. When the body detects an infection or other triggers, the hypothalamus resets the temperature set point higher, causing a fever response to help fight off the infection. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because while an infection can trigger a fever response, it is the hypothalamus that ultimately controls and initiates the response by resetting the temperature set point, not a local widening of blood vessels or activation of the complement system.
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What is the final product of carbohydrate digestion in the small intestine?
- A. Fatty acids
- B. Amino acids
- C. absorption-neet-mcq/ 7/13 1/17/25, 2:54 PM Digestion and Absorption NEET MCQ 2024
- D. Glucose
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The final product of carbohydrate digestion in the small intestine is glucose. Carbohydrates are broken down into simple sugars like glucose during digestion. Enzymes in the small intestine, such as amylase, break down complex carbohydrates into glucose molecules, which can then be absorbed into the bloodstream for energy. Fatty acids (A) are the final product of lipid digestion, while amino acids (B) are the final product of protein digestion. Choice C is irrelevant. In summary, glucose is the correct answer as it is the end product of carbohydrate digestion, while the other choices are related to different types of digestion products.
Patients with gastric ulcer typically exhibit the following symptoms:
- A. Epigastric pain worse after eating and weight loss.
- B. Epigastric pain worse before meals, pain awakening patient from sleep, and melena.
- C. Decreased bowel sounds, rigid abdomen, rebound tenderness, and fever.
- D. Boring epigastric pain radiating to back and left shoulder, bluish-gray discoloration of periumbilical area, and ascites.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gastric ulcers typically present with epigastric pain that worsens before meals, pain that can wake the patient at night, and melena due to gastrointestinal bleeding.
Priority Decision: Before selecting a weight reduction plan with an obese patient
- A. what is most important for the nurse to first assess?
- B. The patient's motivation to lose weight
- C. The length of time that the patient has been obese
- D. Whether financial considerations will affect the patient's choices
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Assessing anthropometric measures helps to understand the severity of obesity and provide baseline data for weight loss goals.
A nurse is teaching a client how to do fecal occult blood testing. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. I will continue my low-dose aspirin therapy regimen.'
- B. I will refrain from eating raw fruits and vegetables.'
- C. I will avoid steak and other red meats.'
- D. I will continue taking my Coumadin as prescribed.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale:
A: Low-dose aspirin can cause false positive results in fecal occult blood testing due to its effect on gastrointestinal bleeding. Therefore, the client should inform the healthcare provider and consider stopping or adjusting the aspirin therapy during the testing period.
B: Refraining from raw fruits and vegetables is correct as they can interfere with the test results.
C: Avoiding red meats is correct as they can also affect the test results.
D: Continuing Coumadin as prescribed is correct as it does not interfere with fecal occult blood testing.
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication via intramuscular (IM) injection. Which of the following sites is considered the safest for administering an IM injection?
- A. The dorsogluteal site
- B. The deltoid muscle
- C. The ventrogluteal site
- D. The vastus lateralis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The ventrogluteal site is considered the safest for IM injections due to the presence of fewer major blood vessels and nerves, reducing the risk of injury. The site is easily accessible and has a thick muscle mass suitable for medication absorption. To locate the ventrogluteal site, the nurse can ask the patient to lie on their side with the knee slightly flexed. The nurse should locate the greater trochanter and iliac crest, forming a V-shaped area where the injection is administered. The other choices are not as safe as the ventrogluteal site. The dorsogluteal site is not recommended due to proximity to the sciatic nerve and major blood vessels. The deltoid muscle is a smaller muscle and may not be suitable for all types of medications. The vastus lateralis site is more commonly used for pediatric patients or adults with limited muscle mass in other areas.