Nokea
Your 30-year-old male reports difficulty maintaining balance and coordination for the past three weeks. He denies headache, blurred vision, or change in the level of consciousness. You perform a Romberg test to assess cerebellar function. Your patient should:
- A. Maintain balance if standing with feet together with eyes open and eyes closed
- B. Maintain balance if sitting with eyes closed
- C. Maintain balance if standing with feet separated and eyes closed
- D. Maintain balance if sitting with eyes open
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Romberg test assesses cerebellar function and proprioception. A patient with normal cerebellar function should maintain balance with feet together and eyes open or closed. Loss of balance with eyes closed suggests a proprioceptive deficit.
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To assess a patient's recent memory, the nurse should:
- A. Ask the patient to recall recent events or conversations.
- B. Check the patient's ability to recognize familiar faces.
- C. Measure the patient's blood pressure.
- D. Inspect the patient's gait.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Recent memory is assessed by asking the patient to recall recent events or conversations. Recognizing faces, blood pressure, and gait are unrelated to memory assessment.
A patient reports fears of having cervical cancer and says to the nurse, I've had Pap smears by six different doctors. The results are normal, but I'm sure that's because of errors in the laboratory. Which disorder would the nurse suspect?
- A. Functional neurologic (conversion) disorder
- B. Illness anxiety disorder (hypochondriasis)
- C. Body dysmorphic disorder
- D. Dissociative amnesia with fugue
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Illness anxiety disorder (hypochondriasis). This disorder involves excessive worry about having a serious illness despite medical reassurance. In this case, the patient's persistent fear of cervical cancer despite normal Pap smear results and attributing them to laboratory errors aligns with the characteristic of illness anxiety disorder.
Other choices:
A: Functional neurologic (conversion) disorder - This disorder involves physical symptoms without a medical explanation. The patient in the question does not exhibit physical symptoms.
C: Body dysmorphic disorder - This disorder involves preoccupation with perceived defects in physical appearance. The patient's concern is not related to body image.
D: Dissociative amnesia with fugue - This disorder involves memory loss with sudden travel or wandering. The patient does not display memory loss or wandering behavior in the scenario.
Pons, cerebellum and medulla are part of which brain?
- A. Forebrain
- B. Midbrain
- C. Hindbrain
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hindbrain is the correct answer because it consists of the pons, cerebellum, and medulla oblongata. These structures are responsible for coordinating movement, balance, and vital autonomic functions such as breathing and heart rate.
The nurse determines what about the caregiver?
- A. The caregiver is also developing signs of AD.
- B. The caregiver is manifesting symptoms of caregiver role strain.
- C. The caregiver needs a period of respite from care of the patient.
- D. The caregiver should ask other family members to participate in the patient's care.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Symptoms like inability to concentrate indicate caregiver role strain
Why should clients who take warfarin (Coumadin®) refrain from food items such as green, leafy vegetables and soybeans?
- A. Because the foods contain vitamin K
- B. which reduces the anticoagulant effect of the medication.
- C. Because the foods contain vitamin K
- D. which increases the anticoagulant effect of the medication.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Vitamin K counteracts the effects of warfarin.